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    • As shown in Table of those women in the

    2019-04-22

    As shown in Table 3, 55% of those women in the 20–29 years old category had high knowledge regarding cervical cancer screening. Also, 55% of the Shona and 50% of the Ndebele had high knowledge of cervical cancer screening. Additionally, 55% of the married women and 67% of the widowed women had high knowledge of cervical cancer screening. Fifty percent of those women with primary education and 51% of those with secondary education had high knowledge of cervical cancer. This indicated that knowledge levels did not differ significantly with level of education (see Table 3). There were no significant differences between and within different groups of women in expressing feeling towards having a Pap smear as highlighted by the ANOVA tests (see Table 4). The P-value on age was 0.996; tribal group experiences 0.371, level of education 0.182 and marital status 0.081. Furthermore, the majority reported varied experiences when the health care provider performing the Pap smear was male or female. Thus, women with positive attitudes towards Pap smear tests were those who did not discriminate undergoing the tests based on the gender of the health care provider. Hence, the majority of women who were affected by the gender of the health care provider were those between ages 30–39 of both tribes. Moreover, most women (51.25%) with a secondary education were significantly affected by the gender of the health care provider in deciding whether or not they iib iiia inhibitors would have a Pap smear, which was further underscored by the fact that the majority (45.6%) of these women were married. No significant differences between and within groups in the experience were identified as shown by the following P-values: age = 0.699, tribal group = 0.080, level of education = 0.834 and marital status = 0.197. Although most of the women (56%) of TCZ indicated that they possessed an intense knowledge about cervical cancer and Pap smear test, their responses towards Pap smear tests were in direct conflict with practices regarding prevention of cervical cancer as shown in Table 5 above. Age, tribal group, level of education and even marital status did not positively influence practices regarding cervical cancer treatment. The majority (104, 83.2%) of the women reported not having been screened for cervical cancer. Moreso, 69% of the women reported that Pap smear tests were not scary or painful, and as such were willing to go for one. However, this was contradicted by the majority 78 (62.4%), who proposed that tests or testing centres were not accessible and this significantly affected their decision to go for Pap smear tests. However, significant differences in practices were recorded based on the level of education, which indicated that as women achieved more education, the greater the chances of making an effort to access cervical cancer testing centres, where P-value = 0.002 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 95 (76%) of the women reported no Pap smear test within the past three years, with others reporting never undergoing a Pap smear. Findings from our study further demonstrated that most of the women (83, 66.6%) had no intention or doubted if migration would go for a Pap smear test in the following year.
    Discussion The findings revealed that TCZ women had significant knowledge regarding cervical cancer, although variations in their knowledge levels were noted based upon age, tribal group, level of education and marital status. The level of knowledge was high in the 18–29 age group, those women in the Shona tribe, and those with a secondary level education and married. This directly contrasted with that study which revealed a deficiency in knowledge amongst women with a secondary education. Such findings demonstrated that, with the prevailing age of information technology, most individuals ages 18–29 have a high probability of accessing information about cervical cancer and other related diseases. On the other hand, most married couples had an opportunity to make frequent hospital and clinical visits, exposing them to medical literacy and information about cervical cancer. This information access was coupled with the general availability of knowledge and intellectual development that allowed people in secondary school levels to become educated about reproductive health, a circumstance that allowed development of knowledge regarding cervical cancer. Therefore, women who had the least chance of accessing educational facilities had an elevated chance of possessing low knowledge regarding cervical cancer. Such findings disputed the notion that women from TCZ did not have knowledge in regards to cervical cancer and heavily relied on traditional healers if they had any problems.